Resumen
La contaminación del aire influye en el origen y la evolución de las enfermedades respiratorias. El incremento en la frecuencia que ha tenido el asma en los últimos años se asocia con el aumento de los contaminantes atmosféricos y es secundario a la liberación de gases y pequeñas partículas producidas a partir de la combustión de derivados del petróleo, humo de cigarrillo, etcétera. Se conocen algunos mecanismos acerca de cómo estos contaminantes pueden influir en el asma y otras enfermedades alérgicas: 1) al actuar como irritantes en las células alveolares o epiteliales, 2) por su acción coadyuvante en los alergenos en el proceso inflamatorio y 3) por mecanismos epigenéticos. En esta revisión trataremos los mecanismos fisiopatológicos por los que los contaminantes del aire se convierten en factores de riesgo de asma y otras enfermedades alérgicas.Referencias
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