Resumen
Durante muchos años se ha considerado que la función de los linfocitos B es únicamente servir de precursores de las células plasmáticas productoras de anticuerpos; sin embargo, esta visión reduccionista se ha cuestionado en los últimos 30 años. La primera gran sorpresa ocurrió en el decenio de 1970, cuando se demostró que los linfocitos B no constituyen una población homogénea, sino que está constituida por diversas subpoblaciones con origen y funciones distintas que incluyen a la inmunidad innata y la adquirida. Durante el decenio de 1980 se descubrió que los linfocitos B son una fuente importante de citocinas y que extienden sus funciones de la presentación de antígenos a los linfocitos T a funciones de cooperación celular. A partir del año 2000 quedó claro que las células B son tan heterogéneas, hablando en términos funcionales, como lo son los linfocitos T, y que extienden sus funciones a la regulación de la respuesta inmunológica. La historia aún no concluye porque sigue el descubrimiento de nuevas funciones, que tendrán que ser incorporadas al corpus principal del conocimiento acerca de los mecanismos mediante los cuales funciona la respuesta inmunológica. Así, podemos concluir con una felicitación para los linfocitos B por estos primeros 50 años, y les auguramos al menos otros 50 años más de crecimiento robusto.Referencias
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