Abstract
Objective: To assess lung function using spirometry and the 6-minute walk test (6MWT) in patients recovered from severe and critical COVID-19 disease.
Methods: An observational, cross-sectional, and descriptive study including patients 2 to 6 months after experiencing severe and critical COVID-19 disease. With prior consent, spirometry and 6MWT were performed, and the Post-COVID-19 Functional Scale (PCFS) was applied. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used for data analysis with SPSS version 24.
Results: A total of 40 patients were registered; 40% were women, with a mean age of 53 ± 14 years. A total of 82.5% had some degree of overweight or obesity, and 72.5% had at least one comorbidity. According to the PCFS, 77.5% of the patients presented some degree of limitation. In the 6MWT, the distance covered was 426.3 ± 123.9 m vs. 530.57 ± 93.7 m expected, with a decrease in oxygen saturation, dyspnea, and fatigue (p < 0.05). Forced vital capacity and the forced expiratory volume in the first second/forced vital capacity (FEV1/FVC) ratio were lower than expected.
Conclusions: Spirometry and 6MWT are available tests that can be implemented in the evaluation of patients recovered from severe and critical COVID-19 disease. According to the study, patients walked shorter distances than expected, with a decrease in oxygen saturation, dyspnea, and fatigue.
Keywords: Spirometry; 6MWT; COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; Sequelae of severe and critical COVID-19 disease.
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