Abstract
Background: The need for a national guideline, with a broad basis among specialists and primary care physicians was felt in Mexico, to try unifying asthma management. As several high-quality asthma guidelines exist worldwide, it was decided to select the best three for transculturation.
Methods: Following the internationally recommended methodology for guideline transculturation, ADAPTE, a literature search for asthma guidelines, published 1-1-2007 through 31-12-2015 was conducted. AGREE-II evaluations yielded 3/40 most suitable for transculturation. Their compound evidence was fused with local reality, patient preference, cost and safety considerations to draft the guideline document. Subsequently, this was adjusted by physicians from 12 national medical societies in several rounds of a Delphi process and 3 face-to-face meetings to reach the final version.
Results: Evidence was fused from British Thoracic Society Asthma Guideline 2014, Global Initiative on Asthma 2015, and Guía Española del Manejo del Asma 2015 (2016 updates included). After 3 Delphi-rounds we developed an evidence-based document taking into account patient characteristics, including age, treatment costs and safety and best locally available medication.
Conclusion: In cooperation pulmonologists, allergists, ENT physicians, paediatricians and GPs were able to develop an evidence-based document for the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of asthma and its exacerbations in Mexico.
References
Consorcio AGREE. Instrumento AGREE II. Disponible en: http://www.agreetrust.org; versión en español: http://www.guiasalud.es/contenidos/documentos/Guias_Practica_Clinica/Spanish-AGREE-II.pdf
ADAPTE Collaboration. The ADAPTE manual and resource toolkit for guideline adaptation. Version 2.0. Disponible en: http://www.g-i-n-net
British Thoracic, Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines. British guideline on the management of asthma. Thorax. 2014;69 Suppl 1:1-192.
James DR, Lyttle MD. British guideline on the management of asthma: SIGN clinical guideline 141, 2014. Arch Dis Child Educ Pract Ed. 2016;101(6):319-322. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2015-310145
Global Initiative for Asthma. Global strategy for asthma management and prevention, 2016. Disponible en: http://ginasthma.org
Plaza-Moral V; Comité Ejecutivo de G. [GEMA 4.0. Guidelines for asthma management]. Arch Bronco-neumol. 2015;51 Suppl 1:2-54. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1016/S0300-2896(15)32812-X
Castro-Rodríguez JA, Holberg CJ, Wright AL, Martinez FD. A clinical index to define risk of asthma in young children with recurrent wheezing. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2000;162(4 Pt 1):1403-1406. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm.162.4.9912111
Martínez FD, Wright AL, Taussig LM, Holberg CJ, Halonen M, Morgan WJ. Asthma and wheezing in the first six years of life. The Group Health Medical Associates. N Engl J Med. 1995;332(3):133-138. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/NEJM199501193320301
Guilbert TW, Morgan WJ, Zeiger RS, et al. Atopic characteristics of children with recurrent wheezing at high risk for the development of childhood asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2004;114(6):1282-1287. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2004.09.020
Benítez-Pérez R, Torre-Bouscoulet L, Villca-Alá N, Del-Río-Hidalgo R, Pérez-Padilla R, Vázquez-García J, et al. Espirometría: recomendaciones y procedimiento. Neumol Cir Torax. 2016;75(2):173-190.
Tan WC, Vollmer WM, Lamprecht B, Mannino DM, Jithoo A, Nizankowska-Mogilnicka E, et al. Worldwide patterns of bronchodilator responsiveness: results from the Burden of Obstructive Lung Disease Study. Thorax. 2012;67(8):718-726. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/thoraxjnl-2011-201445
Dekker FW, Schrier AC, Sterk PJ, et al. Validity of peak expiratory flow measurement in assessing reversibility of airflow obstruction. Thorax. 1992;47(3):162-166.
Gochicoa-Rangel L, Vázquez-García J, Vargas-Domínguez C, Velázquez-Uncal M, Martínez-Andrade R, Salas-Escamilla I, et al. Prueba de reto bronquial con ejercicio. Recomendaciones y procedimiento. Neumol Cir Torax. 2012;71(3):250-263.
Belda J, Giner J, Casan P, Sanchis J. Mild exacerbations and eosinophilic inflammation in patients with stable, well-controlled asthma after 1 year of follow-up. Chest. 2001;119(4):1011-1017.
Ulrik CS. Peripheral eosinophil counts as a marker of disease activity in intrinsic and extrinsic asthma. Clin Exp Allergy. 1995;25(9):820-827.
Smith AD, Cowan JO, Brassett KP, Herbison GP, Taylor DR. Use of exhaled nitric oxide measurements to guide treatment in chronic asthma. N Engl J Med. 2005;352(21):2163-2173. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa043596
Pavord ID, Brightling CE, Woltmann G, Wardlaw AJ. Non-eosinophilic corticosteroid unresponsive asthma. Lancet. 1999;353(9171):2213-2214. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(99)01813-9
Brightling CE, Monteiro W, Ward R, Parker D, Morgan MD, Wardlaw AJ, et al. Sputum eosinophilia and short-term response to prednisolone in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2000;356(9240):1480-1485. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2007.10.028
Patel M, Pilcher J, Pritchard A, Perrin K, Travers J, Shaw D, et al. Efficacy and safety of maintenance and reliever combination budesonide-formoterol inhaler in patients with asthma at risk of severe exacerbations: a randomised controlled trial. Lancet Respir Med. 2013;1(1):32-42. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S2213-2600(13)70007-9
Suissa S, Ernst P, Boivin JF, Horwitz RI, Habbick B, Cockroft D, et al. A cohort analysis of excess mortality in asthma and the use of inhaled beta-agonists. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1994;149(3 Pt 1):604-610. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm.149.3.8118625
Ernst P, Spitzer WO, Suissa S, Cockcroft D, Habbick B, Horwitz RI, et al. Risk of fatal and near-fatal asthma in relation to inhaled corticosteroid use. JAMA. 1992;268(24):3462-3464.
Fuhlbrigge AL, Kitch BT, Paltiel AD, Kuntz KM, Neumann PJ, Dockery DW, et al. FEV(1) is associated with risk of asthma attacks in a pediatric population. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2001;107(1):61-67. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1067/mai.2001.111590
Osborne ML, Pedula KL, O’Hollaren M, Ettinger KM, Stibolt T, Buist AS, et al. Assessing future need for acute care in adult asthmatics: the Profile of Asthma Risk Study: a prospective health maintenance organization-based study. Chest. 2007;132(4):1151-1161. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1378/chest.05-3084
Fitzpatrick S, Joks R, Silverberg JI. Obesity is associated with increased asthma severity and exacerbations, and increased serum immunoglobulin E in inner-city adults. Clin Exp Allergy. 2012;42(5):747-759. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.2011.03863.x
Murphy VE, Clifton VL, Gibson PG. Asthma exacerbations during pregnancy: incidence and association with adverse pregnancy outcomes. Thorax. 2006;61(2):169-176. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/thx.2005.049718
Ulrik CS. Outcome of asthma: longitudinal changes in lung function. Eur Respir J. 1999;13(4):904-918.
Wakefield M, Banham D, McCaul K, Martin J, Ruffin R, Badcock N, et al. Effect of feedback regarding urinary cotinine and brief tailored advice on home smoking restrictions among low-income parents of children with asthma: a controlled trial. Prev Med. 2002;34(1):58-65. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/pmed.2001.0953
Irvine L, Crombie IK, Clark RA, Slane PW, Feyerabend C, Goodman KE, et al. Advising parents of asthmatic children on passive smoking: randomised controlled trial. BMJ. 1999;318(7196):1456-1459.
Gerald LB, Gerald JK, Gibson L, Patel K, Zhang S, McClure LA. Changes in environmental tobacco smoke exposure and asthma morbidity among urban school children. Chest. 2009;135(4):911-916. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1378/chest.08-1869
Murray AB, Morrison BJ. The decrease in severity of asthma in children of parents who smoke since the parents have been exposing them to less cigarette smoke. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1993;91(1 Pt 1):102-110.
Wilson SR, Yamada EG, Sudhakar R, Roberto L, Mannino D, Mejia C, et al. A controlled trial of an environmental tobacco smoke reduction intervention in low-income children with asthma. Chest. 2001;120(5):1709-1722.
Panton J, Barley EA. Family therapy for asthma in children. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2000(2):CD000089.
Chan CK, Kuo ML, Shen JJ, See LC, Chang HH, Huang JL. Ding Chuan Tang, a Chinese herb decoction, could improve airway hyper-responsiveness in stabilized asthmatic children: a randomized, double-blind clinical trial. Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 2006;17(5):316-322. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3038.2006.00406.x
Hsu CH, Lu CM, Chang TT. Efficacy and safety of modified Mai-Men-Dong-Tang for treatment of allergic asthma. Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 2005;16(1):76-81. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3038.2005.00230.x
van der Wouden JC, Tasche MJ, Bernsen RM, Uijen JH, de Jongste JC, Ducharme FM. Inhaled sodium cromoglycate for asthma in children. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2003(3):CD002173. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD002173
Cates CJ, Jaeschke R, Schmidt S, Ferrer M. Regular treatment with formoterol and inhaled steroids for chronic asthma: serious adverse events. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2013(6):CD006924. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD006924.pub3
Kew KM, Karner C, Mindus SM, Ferrara G. Combination formoterol and budesonide as maintenance and reliever therapy versus combination inhaler maintenance for chronic asthma in adults and children. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2013(12):CD009019. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD009019.pub2
Cates CJ, Karner C. Combination formoterol and budesonide as maintenance and reliever therapy versus current best practice (including inhaled steroid maintenance), for chronic asthma in adults and children. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2013(4):CD007313. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD007313.pub3
Papi A, Corradi M, Pigeon-Francisco C, Baronio R, Siergiejko Z, Petruzzelli S, et al. Beclometasone-formoterol as maintenance and reliever treatment in patients with asthma: a double-blind, randomised controlled trial. Lancet Respir Med. 2013;1(1):23-31. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S2213-2600(13)70012-2
van der Wouden JC, Uijen JH, Bernsen RM, Tasche MJ, de Jongste JC, Ducharme F. Inhaled sodium cromoglycate for asthma in children. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2008(4):CD002173. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD002173.pub2
Vogelberg C, Moroni-Zentgraf P, Leonaviciute-Klimantaviciene M, Sigmund R, Hamelmann E, Engel M, et al. A randomised dose-ranging study of tiotropium Respimat(R) in children with symptomatic asthma despite inhaled corticosteroids. Respir Res. 2015;16:20. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12931-015-0175-9
Hamelmann E, Bateman ED, Vogelberg C, Szefler SJ, Vandewalker M, et al. Tiotropium add-on therapy in adolescents with moderate asthma: a 1-year randomized controlled trial. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2016;138(2):441.e8-450.e8. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2016.01.011
Sharma A, Schmid M, Rapp B, Moroni-Zentgraf P, Engel M. Pharmacokinetics of tiotropium in asthma patients from three paediatric clinical trials. Eur Respir J. 2016;48(Suppl 60):PA316. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/13993003.congress-2016.PA316
Bisgaard H. Effect of long-acting beta2 agonists on exacerbation rates of asthma in children. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2003;36(5):391-398. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppul.10381
Gappa M, Zachgo W, von Berg A, Kamin W, Stern-Strater C, Steinkamp G, et al. Add-on salmeterol compared to double dose fluticasone in pediatric asthma: a double-blind, randomized trial (VIAPAED). Pediatr Pulmonol. 2009;44(11):1132-1142. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppul.21120
Lemanske RF Jr, Mauger DT, Sorkness CA, Jackson DJ, Boehmer SJ, Martinez FD, et al. Step-up therapy for children with uncontrolled asthma receiving inhaled corticosteroids. N Engl J Med. 2010;362(11):975-985. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa1001278
Szefler SJ, Murphy K, Harper T 3rd, Boner A, Laki I, Engel M, et al. A phase III randomized controlled trial of tiotropium add-on therapy in children with severe symptomatic asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2017. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2017.01.014
Dunlop KA, Carson DJ, Steen HJ, McGovern V, McNaboe J, Shields MD. Monitoring growth in asthmatic children treated with high dose inhaled glucocorticoids does not predict adrenal suppression. Arch Dis Child. 2004;89(8):713-716. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/adc.2002.022533
Bisgaard AM, Vandewalker M, LeRoy G, Moroni-Zentgraf P, Engel M, El Azzi G, et al. Safety of tiotropium in pre-school children with symptomatic persistent asthma. Eur Respir J. 2016;48(Suppl 60):PA315. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/13993003.congress-2016
Larenas-Linnemann D, Ortega-Martell JA, Del Río-Navarro B, Rodríguez-Pérez N, Arias-Cruz A, Estrada A, et al. [Mexican clinical practice guidelines of immunotherapy 2011]. Rev Alerg Mex. 2011;58(1):3-75.
Virchow JC, Backer V, Kuna P, Prieto L, Nolte H, Villesen HH, et al. Efficacy of a house dust mite sublingual allergen immunotherapy tablet in adults with allergic asthma: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA. 2016;315(16):1715-1725. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.2016.3964
Nasser S, Vestenbaek U, Beriot-Mathiot A, Poulsen PB. Cost-effectiveness of specific immunotherapy with Grazax in allergic rhinitis co-existing with asthma. Allergy. 2008;63(12):1624-1629. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.2008.01743.x
Deschildre A, Marguet C, Salleron J, Pin I, Rittie JL, Derelle J, et al. Add-on omalizumab in children with severe allergic asthma: a 1-year real life survey. Eur Respir J. 2013;42(5):1224-1233. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/all.12402
Kim HL, Leigh R, Becker A. Omalizumab: practical considerations regarding the risk of anaphylaxis. Allergy Asthma Clin Immunol. 2010;6(1):32. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1710-1492-6-32
Pavord ID, Korn S, Howarth P, Bleecker ER, Buhl R, Keene ON, et al. Mepolizumab for severe eosinophilic asthma (DREAM): a multicentre, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Lancet. 2012;380(9842):651-659. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(12)60988-X
Aït-Khaled N, Asher MI, Billo N, Bissell K, Brand P, Chen-Yuan C, et al. The global asthma report 2014. Disponible en: http://www.globalasthmareport.org/index.php
Rodrigo GJ, Rodrigo C. Rapid-onset asthma attack: a prospective cohort study about characteristics and response to emergency department treatment. Chest. 2000;118(6):1547-1552.
Keeney GE, Gray MP, Morrison AK, Levas MN, Kessler EA, Hill GD, et al. Dexamethasone for acute asthma exacerbations in children: a meta-analysis. Pediatrics. 2014;133(3):493-499. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.2013-2273
Edmonds ML, Milan SJ, Camargo CA Jr, Pollack CV, Rowe BH. Early use of inhaled corticosteroids in the emergency department treatment of acute asthma. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2012;12:CD002308. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD002308.pub2
Rodrigo GJ, Castro-Rodríguez JA. Heliox-driven beta2-agonists nebulization for children and adults with acute asthma: a systematic review with meta-analysis. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2014;112(1):29-34. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.anai.2013.09.024
Kallen B, Rydhstroem H, Aberg A. Congenital malformations after the use of inhaled budesonide in early pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol. 1999;93(3):392-395.
Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía. [Sitio web]. Censo Nacional de Población y Vivienda 2010. Disponible en: http://www.inegi.org.mx/est/contenidos/proyectos/ccpv/cpv2010/Default.aspx
Ham-Chande R. Diagnóstico socio-demográfico del envejecimiento en México. En: Consejo Nacional de Población, editor. La situación demográfica de México. Mexico: Conapo; 2011. p. 141-155.
Connolly MJ, Crowley JJ, Nielson CP, Charan NB, Vestal RE. Peripheral mononuclear leucocyte beta adrenoceptors and non-specific bronchial responsiveness to methacholine in young and elderly normal subjects and asthmatic patients. Thorax. 1994;49(1):26-32.
Brodde OE, Howe U, Egerszegi S, Konietzko N, et al. Effect of prednisolone and ketotifen on beta2-adrenoceptors in asthmatic patients receiving beta2-bronchodilators. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 1988;34(2):145-150.
Aksoy MO, Mardini IA, Yang Y, Bin W, Zhou S, Kelsen SG. Glucocorticoid effects on the beta-adrenergic receptor-adenylyl cyclase system of human airway epithelium. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2002;109(3):491-497.
Chan ED, Welsh CH. Geriatric respiratory medicine. Chest. 1998;114(6):1704-1733.
Jenneck C, Juergens U, Buecheler M, Novak N. Pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of aspirin intolerance. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2007;99(1): 13-21. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1081-1206(10) 60615-1
Rajan JP, Wineinger NE, Stevenson DD, White AA. Prevalence of aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease among asthmatic patients: a meta-analysis of the literature. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2015;135(3):676.e1-681.e1. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2014.08.020
Stevenson DD, Szczeklik A. Clinical and pathologic perspectives on aspirin sensitivity and asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2006;118(4):773-786. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2006.07.024
Berges-Gimeno MP, Simon RA, Stevenson DD. The natural history and clinical characteristics of aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2002;89(5):474-478. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1016/S1081-1206(10)62084-4
Szczeklik A, Nizankowska E, Duplaga M. Natural history of aspirin-induced asthma. AIANE Investigators. European Network on Aspirin-Induced Asthma. Eur Respir J. 2000;16(3):432-436.
Dahlin A, Weiss ST. Genetic and epigenetic components of aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease. Immunol Allergy Clin North Am. 2016;36(4):765-789. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.iac.2016.06.010
Awad OG, Fasano MB, Lee JH, Graham SM. Asthma outcomes after endoscopic sinus surgery in aspirin-tolerant versus aspirin-induced asthmatic patients. Am J Rhinol. 2008;22(2):197-203. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.2500/ajr.2008.22.3148
Dahlen SE, Malmstrom K, Nizankowska E, Dahlen B, Kuna P, Kowalski M, et al. Improvement of aspirin-intolerant asthma by montelukast, a leukotriene antagonist: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2002;165(1):9-14. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm.165.1.2010080
Berges-Gimeno MP, Simon RA, Stevenson DD. The effect of leukotriene-modifier drugs on aspirin-induced asthma and rhinitis reactions. Clin Exp Allergy. 2002;32(10):1491-1496.
Currie GP, Paterson E, Keenan F, Nath S, Watt SJ. An unexpected response to intravenous hydrocortisone succinate in an asthmatic patient. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2005;60(3):342. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2125.2005.02442.x
Burgdorff T, Venemalm L, Vogt T, Landthaler M, Stolz W. IgE-mediated anaphylactic reaction induced by succinate ester of methylprednisolone. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2002;89(4):425-428. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1081-1206(10)62046-7
Sheth A, Reddymasu S, Jackson R. Worsening of asthma with systemic corticosteroids. A case report and review of literature. J Gen Intern Med. 2006;21(2):C11-C13. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1525-1497.2005.00290.x
Dajani BM, Sliman NA, Shubair KS, Hamzeh YS. Bronchospasm caused by intravenous hydrocortisone sodium succinate (Solu-Cortef) in aspirin-sensitive asthmatics. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1981;68(3):201-204.
Baenkler HW. Salicylate intolerance: pathophysiology, clinical spectrum, diagnosis and treatment. Dtsch Arztebl Int. 2008;105(8):137-142. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3238/arztebl.2008.0137
Sommer DD, Rotenberg BW, Sowerby LJ, Lee JM, Janjua A, Witterick IJ, et al. A novel treatment adjunct for aspirin exacerbated respiratory disease: the low-salicylate diet: a multicenter randomized control crossover trial. Int Forum Allergy Rhinol. 2016;6(4):385-391. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/alr.21678
Steinke JW, Borish L. Factors driving the aspirin exacerbated respiratory disease phenotype. Am J Rhinol Allergy. 2015;29(1):35-40. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.2500/ajra.2015.29.4123
White AA, Stevenson DD. Aspirin desensitization in aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease. Immunol Allergy Clin North Am. 2013;33(2):211-222. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.iac.2012.10.013
Bergmann KC, Zuberbier T, Church MK. Omalizumab in the treatment of aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2015;3(3):459-460. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaip.2015.01.012
Gevaert P, Calus L, Van Zele T, Blomme K, De Ruyck N, Bauters W, et al. Omalizumab is effective in allergic and nonallergic patients with nasal polyps and asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2013;131(1):110.e1-116.e1. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2012.07.047
Beuther DA, Sutherland ER. Overweight, obesity, and incident asthma: a meta-analysis of prospective epidemiologic studies. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2007;175(7):661-666. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/rccm.200611-1717OC
Del Río-Navarro B, Berber A, Sienra-Monge JJ. Relación de la obesidad con el asma y la función pulmonar. Bol Med Hosp Infant Mex. 2011;68(3):171-183.
Luna-Pech JA, Torres-Mendoza BM, Luna-Pech JA, García-Cobas CY, Navarrete-Navarro S, Elizalde-Lozano AM. Normocaloric diet improves asthma-related quality of life in obese pubertal adolescents. Int Arch Allergy Immunol. 2014;163(4):252-258.
Espinosa L, Parra R, Segura M, Toledo N, Menez D, Sosa E, et al. Ansiedad y depresión en asmáticos adultos en comparación con sujetos sanos. Rev Alergia Mex. 2006;53(6):201-206.
Arredondo-Suárez J, Cuevas-Schacht F, León-Ramirez C. Tos somática (psicógena) como causa de tos crónica en pediatría. Alerg Asma Inmunol Pediatr. 2016;25 (1):24-29.
Medina-Hernández A, Huerta-Hernández RE, Góngora-Meléndez MA, Domínguez-Silva MG, Mendoza-Hernández DA, Romero-Tapia SJ, et al. [Clinical-epidemiological profile of patients with suspicion of alimentary allergy in Mexico. Mexipreval Study]. Rev Alergia Mex. 2015;62(1):28-40.
Krogulska A, Dynowski J, Funkowicz M, Malachowska B, Wasowska-Krolikowska K. Prevalence and clinical impact of IgE-mediated food allergy in school children with asthma: a double-blind placebo-controlled food challenge study. Allergy, Asthma Immunol Res. 2015;7(6):547-556. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4168/aair. 2015.7.6.547
Ma L, Danoff TM, Borish L. Case fatality and population mortality associated with anaphylaxis in the United States. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2014;133(4):1075-1083. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2013.10.029
Pumphrey RS, Gowland MH. Further fatal allergic reactions to food in the United Kingdom, 1999-2006. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2007;119(4):1018-1019. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2007.01.021
Vally H, Misso NL, Madan V. Clinical effects of sulphite additives. Clin Exp Allergy. 2009;39(11):1643-1651. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.2009.03362.x
Gaffin JM, Sheehan WJ, Morrill J, Cinar M, Borras Coughlin IM, Sawicki GS, et al. Tree nut allergy, egg allergy, and asthma in children. Clin Pediatr. 2011;50(2):133-139. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0009922810384720
Bousquet J, Annesi-Maesano I, Carat F, Leger D, Rugina M, Pribil C, et al. Characteristics of intermittent and persistent allergic rhinitis: DREAMS Study Group. Clin Exp Allergy. 2005;35(6):728-732. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.2005.02274.x
Linneberg A, Henrik Nielsen N, Frolund L, Madsen F, Dirksen A, Jorgensen T, et al. The link between allergic rhinitis and allergic asthma: a prospective population-based study. The Copenhagen Allergy Study. Allergy. 2002;57(11):1048-1052.
Downie SR, Andersson M, Rimmer J, Leuppi JD, Xuan W, Akerlund A, et al. Association between nasal and bronchial symptoms in subjects with persistent allergic rhinitis. Allergy. 2004;59(3):320-326. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.2003.00419.x
Leynaert B, Neukirch C, Kony S, Guenegou A, Bousquet J, Aubier M, et al. Association between asthma and rhinitis according to atopic sensitization in a population-based study. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2004;113(1):86-93. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2003.10.010
Larenas-Linnemann D, Michels A, Dinger H, Shah-Hosseini K, Mosges R. In the (sub)tropics Allergic rhinitis and its impact on asthma classification of allergic rhinitis is more useful than perennial-seasonal classification. Am J Rhinol Allergy 2014;28(3):232-238. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.2500/ajra.2014.28.4035
Larenas-Linnemann D, Mayorga-Butrón JL, Sánchez-González A, Ramírez-García A, Medina-Ávalos M, Figueroa-Morales MA, et al. [ARIA Mexico 2014. Adaptation of the Clinical Practice Guide ARIA 2010 for Mexico. Methodology ADAPTE]. Rev Alerg Mex. 2014;61 Suppl 1:S3-S116.
Villalpando-Carrión S, Ura-Hernández J, Del Río-Navarro B, Heller-Rouassant S. Asociación de asma, obesidad y enfermedad por reflujo gastroesofágico en niños. Bol Med Hosp Infant Mex. 2009;66(2):153-159.
Menezes AM, Montes de Oca M, Pérez-Padilla R, Nadeau G, Wehrmeister FC, López-Varela MV, et al. Increased risk of exacerbation and hospitalization in subjects with an overlap phenotype: COPD-asthma. Chest. 2014;145(2):297-304. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1378/chest.13-0622
Lodrup-Carlsen KC, Roll S, Carlsen KH, Mowinckel P, Wijga AH, Brunekreef B, et al. Does pet ownership in infancy lead to asthma or allergy at school age? Pooled analysis of individual participant data from 11 European birth cohorts. PloS One. 2012;7(8):e43214. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0043214
Ownby DR, Johnson CC, Peterson EL. Exposure to dogs and cats in the first year of life and risk of allergic sensitization at 6 to 7 years of age. JAMA. 2002;288(8): 963-972.
Blanken MO, Rovers MM, Molenaar JM, Winkler-Seinstra PL, Meijer A, Kimpen JL, et al. Respiratory syncytial virus and recurrent wheeze in healthy preterm infants. N Engl J Med. 2013;368(19):1791-1799. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa1211917
Salas-Hernández J, Aldana-Vergara R, Bautista-Bautists E, Chapela R, Cuevas-Schacht F, Fernández-Vega M, et al. Guía mexicana de asma 2009. Neumol Cir Torax. 2009;68(S2):S89-S252.
Shekelle PG, Woolf SH, Eccles M, Grimshaw J. Clinical guidelines: developing guidelines. BMJ. 1999;318(7183): 593-596.
Brozek JL, Akl EA, Alonso-Coello P, Lang D, Jaeschke R, Williams JW, et al. Grading quality of evidence and strength of recommendations in clinical practice guidelines. Part 1 of 3. An overview of the GRADE approach and grading quality of evidence about interventions. Allergy. 2009;64(5):669-677. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.2009.01973.x
National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence. The guidelines manual. Disponible en: https://www.nice.org.uk/process/pmg6/chapter/introduction
Brown B. Delphi process, a methodology used for the elicitation of opinion of experts Santa Monica, California: The RAND Corporation; 1968. Disponible en: http://www.rand.org/content/dam/rand/pubs/papers/2006/P3925.pdf
Grupo de Trabajo sobre GPC. Elaboración de guías de práctica clínica en el Sistema Nacional de Salud. Actualización del Manual metodológico. Disponible en: http://portal.guiasalud.es/emanuales/elaboracion_2/Capitulos/completo.pdf
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Copyright (c) 2017 Revista Alergia México