Abstract
Background: Food allergy is deemed to have a worldwide prevalence ranging from 2 to 10 %.
Objective: To determine the frequency of skin reactivity to food allergens by age groups.
Methods: Cross-sectional, descriptive, prolective, observational study. Patients aged from 2 to 64 years with symptoms consistent with allergic disease were included. Skin prick tests were carried out with food allergens. Frequencies and percentages were estimated.
Results: One-hundred and ninety-one patients were included, out of which 63.4% were females. Mean age was 22.5 years; 19.3 % showed positive skin reactivity to at least one food. Distribution by age group was as follows: preschool children 13.5 %, schoolchildren 24.3 %, adolescents 2.7 % and adults 59.5 %. Diagnoses included allergic rhinitis in 84.3 %, asthma in 19.4 %, urticaria in 14.1 % and atopic dermatitis in 8.4 %. Positive skin reactivity frequency distribution in descending order was: soybeans with 5.2 %, peach with 4.7 %, grapes, orange and apple with 3.6 %, nuts with 3.1 %, pineapple, avocado, tomato and tuna with 2.6 %.
Conclusion: The frequency of skin reactivity to food allergens was similar to that reported in the national and Latin American literature, but sensitization to each specific allergen varied for each age group.
References
Nowak-Wegrzyn A, Burks W, Sampson H. Reactions to Foods. En: Adkinson N, Bochner B, Burks A, Busse W, Holgate S, Lemanske R, et al. Middleton’s Allergy: Principles and Practice. Volumen II. Octava edición. USA: Mosby; 2014. p. 1310-1335.
Burks AW, Jones SM, Boyce JA, Sicherer SH, Wood RA, Assa’ad A, et al. NIAID-sponsored 2010 guidelines for managing food allergy: applications in the pediatric population. Pediatrics. 2011;128(5):955-965. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.2011-0539
Burks AW, Tang M, Sicherer S, Muraro A, Eigenmann PA, Ebisawa M, et al. ICON: food allergy. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2012;129(4):906-920. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2012.02.001
Fiocchi A, Sampson HA, Bahna SL, Lack G. Food Allergy. En: Pawankar R, Canonica GW, Holgate ST, Lockey RF, editores. WAO White Book on Allergy. USA: World Allergy Organization; 2013. p. 47-52.
Shek LP, Cabrera-Morales EA, Soh SE, Gerez I, Ng PZ, Yi FC, et al. A population-based questionnaire survey on the prevalence of peanut, tree nut and shellfish allergy in 2 Asian populations. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2010;126(2):324-331. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2010.06.003
Rodríguez-Ortiz P, Muñoz-Mendoza D, Arias-Cruz A, González-Díaz SN, Herrera-Castro D, Vidaurri-Ojeda AC. Características epidemiológicas de pacientes con alergia a alimentos atendidos en el Centro Regional de Alergias e Inmunología Clínica de Monterrey. Rev Alerg Mex. 2009;56(6):185-191.
Chapman JA, Bernstein IL, Lee RE, Oppenheimer J, Nicklas RA, Portnoy JM, et al. Food allergy: A practice parameter. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2006;96(3 Suppl 2):1-68.
Nwaru BI, Hickstein L, Panesar SS, Roberts G, Muraro A, Sheikh A, et al. Prevalence of common food allergies in Europe: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Allergy. 2014;69(8):992-1007. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/all.12423
Sicherer SH. Epidemiology of food allergy. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2011;127(3):594-602. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2010.11.044
González-Díaz S, Arias-Cruz A, Domínguez-Sansores LA, Galindo-Rodríguez G, Leal-Villareal L, Canseco-Villareal JI, et al. Sensibilización a alérgenos alimentarios en pacientes del Servicio de Alergia del Hospital Universitario de la UANL, Monterrey. Med Univer. 2013;15(59):59-63.
Sicherer SH, Sampson HA. Food allergy: Epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2014;133(2):291-307;quiz 308. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2013.11.020
Berin MC. Mechanisms of allergic sensitization to foods: bypassing immune tolerance pathways. Immunol Allergy Clin North Am. 2012;32(1):1-10. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.iac.2011.10.001
Soares-Weiser K, Takwoingi Y, Panesar SS, Muraro A, Werfel T, Hoffmann-Sommergruber K, et al. The diagnosis of food allergy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Allergy. 2014;69(1):76-86. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/all.12333
Boyce JA, Assa’ad A, Burks AW, Jones SM, Sampson HA, Wood RA, et al. Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of food allergy in the United States: Report of the NIAID-sponsored expert panel. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2010;126(60):1-58. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2010.10.007
Eigenmann PA, Jae-Won O, Beyer K. Diagnostic testing in the evaluation of food allergy. Pediatr Clin N Am. 2011;58(2):351-362. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pcl.2011.02.003
Nolte H, Kowal K, DuBuske L. Overview of skin testing for allergic disease. Disponible en: http://cursoenarm.net/UPTODATE/contents/mobipreview.htm?2/4/2113?source=HISTORY
Heinzerling L, Mari A, Bergmann KC, Bresciani M, Burbach G, Darsow U, et al. The skin prick test-European standards. Clin Transl Allergy. 2013;3(1):1-10. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/2045-7022-3-3
Cianferoni A, Spergel JM. Food allergy; review, classification and diagnosis. Allergol Int. 2009;58(4):457-466. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.2332/allergolint.09-RAI-0138
Medina-Hernández A, Huerta-Hernández RE, Góngora-Meléndez MA, Domínguez-Silva MG, Mendoza-Hernández DA, Romero-Tapia SJ, et al. Perfil clínico-epidemiológico de pacientes con sospecha de alergia alimentaria en México. Estudio Mexipreval. Rev Alerg Mex. 2015;62(1):28-40. Disponible en: revistasmedicasmexicanas.com.mx/nieto/Alergia/2015/ene-mar/art.original_perfil.pdf
Sánchez J, Sánchez A. Epidemiology of food allergy in Latin America. Allergol Immunopathol (Madr). 2015;43(2):185-195. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aller.2013.07.001
Bedolla-Barajas M, Bedolla-Pulido TR, Camacho-Peña AS, González-García E, Morales-Romero J. Food hypersensitivity in Mexican adults at 18 to 50 years of age: A questionnaire survey. Allergy Asthma Immunol Res. 2014;6(6):511-516. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4168/aair.2014.6.6.511
Maya-Epelstein J, Rosas-Vargas MA, Del-Río-Navarro B. Frecuencia de sensibilización a alimentos por pruebas cutáneas de prick-to-prick de parche en niños con enfermedades alérgicas. Rev Alerg Mex. 2012;59(3):123-130.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Copyright (c) 2017 Revista Alergia México