Abstract
Background: Few studies in tropical developing countries have utilized molecular diagnosis to characterize allergen-specific responses to aeroallergens.
Objective: To investigate the in vivo and in vitro responses of IgE antibodies to inhalant allergens in allergic patients with rhinitis and/or asthma.
Methods: A prospective study in which patients with allergic rhinitis and/or asthma were included. Skin prick tests with 16 inhalant extracts of allergens were carried out and total and specific IgE levels for allergens and their molecular components in the serum were determined.
Results: In a total of 189 patients, 73.5% showed high levels of total IgE in the serum. The prick tests were positive for the following allergens: Dust mite extracts; more than 60 %, cat; 29.6 %, dog; 23.4 %, and Periplaneta Americana; 21.6 %. Specific IgE for Dermatophagoides farinae and Pteronyssinus was present in 66.6 % of the patients; for Blomia tropicalis; in 45.0 %, for Ascaris lumbricoides; in 24.7 %, for cat; in 17.3 %, for parrot feathers; in 14.8 %, and for Penicillium notatum; in 12.3 %. IgE antibodies to mite allergens of group 1 and 2 were present in 59.0 % and 70.1 % of the sera; 39.1 % contained IgE to rBlo t5, 30.4 %contained rBla g4, 19.9 % contained rFel d1, 11.8 % contained rArt v3, 11.2 % contained Der p10, 9.9 % contained rBla g2, 9.3 % contained rPer a7, 9.3 % contained nFel d2, and 8.7 % contained rCan f1.
Conclusions: This study confirms that mites are the main sensitizing agents in patients with respiratory allergic diseases in a tropical environment. There was a good correlation between the results of the skin tests and the results of the in vitro tests.
References
Pawankar R, Sánchez-Borges M, Bonini S, Kaliner M. The Burden of Allergic Disease. Allergic Rhinitis, Allergic Conjunctivitis, and Rhinosinusitis. In: WAO. White Book on Allergy. USA: World Allergy Organization; 2011.
Holgate ST, Canonica GW, Baena-Cagnani CE, Casale TB, Zitt M, Nelson H, et al. Asthma. In: WAO. White Book on Allergy. USA: World Allergy Organization; 2011.
Chong-Neto HJ, Rosario NA, Solé D, Latin American ISAAC Group. Asthma and rhinitis in South America: how different they are from other parts of the world. Allergy Asthma Immunol Res. 2012;4(2):62-67. DOI: 10.4168/aair.2012.4.2.62
Sánchez-Borges M, Mantilla P, Capriles-Hulett A, Caballero-Fonseca F. Alérgenos responsables de las enfermedades alérgicas respiratorias en Venezuela. Rev Ven Alerg Asma Inmunol. 2003;2:43-52.
Sánchez-Borges M, Capriles-Hulett A, Caballero-Fonseca F, Fernández-Caldas E. Mite and cockroach sensitization in allergic patients from Caracas, Venezuela. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2003;90(6):664-668. DOI: 10.1016/S1081-1206(10)61873-X
Sánchez-Borges M, Fernández-Caldas E, Capriles-Hulett A, Caballero-Fonseca F. Mite hypersensitivity in patients with rhinitis and rhinosinusitis living in a tropical environment. Allergol Immunopathol (Madr). 2014;42(2):120-126. DOI: 10.1016/j.aller.2012.07.011
Corren J, Baroody FM, Pawankar R. Allergic and nonallergic rhinitis. In: Franklin-Adkinson N, Bochner BS, Wesley-Burks A, Busse WW, Holgate ST, Lemanske RF, et al. Middleton’s Allergy. Principles and practice. USA: Elsevier Saunders; 2014.
Guilbert TW, Lemanske RF, Jackson DJ. Diagnosis of asthma in infants and children. In: Franklin-Adkinson N, Bochner BS, Wesley-Burks A, Busse WW, Holgate ST, Lemanske RF, et al. Middleton’s Allergy. Principles and practice. USA: Elsevier Saunders; 2014.
Boulet LP. Diagnosis of asthma in adults. In: Franklin-Adkinson N, Bochner BS, Wesley-Burks A, Busse WW, Holgate ST, Lemanske RF, et al. Middleton’s Allergy. Principles and practice. USA: Elsevier Saunders; 2014.
Canonica GW, Ansotegui IJ, Pawankar R, Schmid-Grendelmeier P, Van-Hage M, Baena-Cagnani CE, et al. A WAO-ARIA-GA2LEN consensus document on molecular-based allergy diagnostics. World Allergy Organ J. 2013;6(1):17. DOI: 10.1186/1939-4551-6-17
Brozek JL, Bousquet J, Agache I, Agarwal A, Bachert C, Bosnic-Anticevich S, et al. Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma (ARIA) guidelines: 2016 revision. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2017;140(4):950-958. DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2017.03.050
Global initiative for asthma. Global strategy for asthma management and prevention. Canadá: Global Initiative for Asthma; 2014.
Acevedo N, Caraballo L. IgE cross-reactivity between Ascaris lumbricoides and mite allergens: possible influences on allergic sensitization and asthma. Parasite Immunol. 2011;33(6):309-321. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3024.2011.01288.x
Zakzuk J, Acevedo N, Cifuentes L, Bornacelly A, Sánchez J, Ahumada V, et al. Early life responses in children living in the tropics: a prospective analysis. Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 2013;24(8):788-797. DOI: 10.1111/pai.12161
Jimenez J, Puerta L, Mendoza D, Chua KY, Mercado D, Caraballo L. IgE antibody responses to recombinant allergens of Blomia tropicalis and Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus in a tropical environment. Allergy Clin Immunol Int. 2007;19(6):233-239. DOI: 10.1027/0838-1925.19.6.233
Kidon MI, Wen Chin C, Kang LW, Ching OT, Seng TY, Ning WK, et al. Mite component-specific IgE repertoire and phenotypes of allergic disease in childhood: the tropical perspective. Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 2011;22(2):202-210. DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-3038.2010.01094.x
Caballero F, Sánchez-Borges M, Bernstein M, Aldrey O, Chapman M, Fernández-Caldas E. Skin test reactivity to natural and recombinant mite allergens. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2000;105(1 Pt 2):S327.
Capriles-Hulett A, Iraola V, Pinto H, Sánchez-Borges M, Daboín-De-Veer M, Fernández-Caldas E. Monosensitization to Blomia tropicalis: is exposure the only factor involved? J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol. 2009;19(2):165-166.
Puccio F, Lynch NR, Noya O, Noda A, Hagel I, López E, et al. Importance of including Blomia tropicalis in the routine diagnosis of Venezuelan patients with persistent allergic symptoms. Allergy. 2004;59(7):753-757. DOI: 10.1111/j.1398-9995.2004.00454.x
Sánchez-Borges M, Fernández-Caldas E, Thomas WR, Chapman MD, Lee BW, Caraballo L, et al. International Consensus (ICON) on: Clinical consequences of mite hypersensitivity: a global problem. WAO J. 2017;10:14.
Fernandez-Caldas E, Puerta L, Mercado D, Lockey RF, Caraballo L. Mite fauna, Der p1, Der f1, and Blomia tropicalis allegen levels in a tropical environment. Clin Exp Allergy. 1993;23:292-297. DOI: 10.1186/s40413-017-0145-4
Zhang L, Chew FT, Soh SY, Yi FC, Law SY, Goh DY, et al. Prevalence and distribution of indoor allergens in Singapore. Clin Exp Allergy. 1997;27(8):876-885. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2222.1997.tb01227.x
Chauveau A, Dalphin ML, Mauny F, Kaulek V, Schmausser-Hechfellner E, Renz H, et al. Skin prick tests and specific IgE in 10-year-old children: agreement and association with allergic diseases. Allergy. 2017;7(9)2:1365-1373. DOI: 10.1111/all.13148
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Copyright (c) 2019 Revista Alergia México