Abstract
Background: The prevalence of allergic diseases has increased worldwide. Recent studies have informed that the dysbiosis of some specific members of the human microbiota may enhance the allergic response of the respiratory tract.
Objective: To retrospectively explore the role of some microorganisms of the human microbiota on the skin reactivity and their effect on the chronicity of allergic respiratory diseases in humans.
Methods: A retrospective analysis of a 5-year database of patients with allergic respiratory tract disease. The frequency and magnitude of the reactivity to 38 different allergens was determined.
Results: Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus had the highest frequency of reactivity (93.7 %), followed by the bacterial allergen (a mixture of Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis) with a frequency of reactivity of 91.82 %; whereas Candida albicans had a frequency of reactivity of only 79.32 %. The frequency of reactivity to the pollen of native Mexican weeds was even lower ~79 %.
Conclusion: The microorganisms of the microbiota that were analyzed in this study seem to have an influence on the development of respiratory allergic inflammation, associated with long-term colonization of the pharynx, nasal mucosa, and sinuses because of these microorganisms.
References
López PG, Morfín MBM, Huerta LJ, Mejía CF, López LJ, Aguilar G, et al. Prevalencia de las enfermedades alérgicas en la Ciudad de México. Rev Alerg Mex. 2009;56(3):72-79. Disponible en: http://www.imbiomed.com.mx/1/1/articulos.php?method=showDetail&id_articulo=57718&id_seccion=64&id_ejemplar=5843&id_revista=12
Boverhof DR, Billington R, Gollapudi BB, Hotchkiss JA, Krieger SM, Poole A, et al. Respiratory sensitization and allergy: current research approaches and needs. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2008;226(1):1-13. DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2007.10.008
Fujimura KE, Lynch SV. Microbiota in allergy and asthma and the emerging relationship with the gut microbiome. Cell Host Microbe. 2015;17(5):592-602. DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2015.04.007
Patiño-Morales D, Calderón-Pedraza H [Tesis]. Detección de anticuerpos IgE específicos hacia antígenos de la flora normal, en sujetos con enfermedad alérgica de las vías respiratorias e individuos normales. México: Universidad del Ejército y Fuerza Aérea; 1988.
Depner M, Ege MJ, Cox MJ, Dwyer S, Walker AW, Birzele LT, et al. Bacterial microbiota of the upper respiratory tract and childhood asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2017;139(3):826-834.e13. DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2016.05.050
Huang YJ, Boushey HA. The microbiome in asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2015;135(1):25-30. DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2014.11.011
Hill DA, Siracusa MC, Abt MC, Kim BS, Kobuley D, Kubo M, et al. Commensal bacteria–derived signals regulate basophil hematopoiesis and allergic inflammation. Nat Med. 2012;18(4):538. DOI: 10.1038/nm.2657
Larenas-Linnemann D, Ortega-Martell JA, del Río-Navarro B, Rodríguez-Pérez N, Arias-Cruz A, Estrada A, et al. Guía mexicana de práctica clínica de inmunoterapia 2011. Rev Alerg Mex. 2011;58(1):3-51. Disponible en: https://www.elsevier.es/es-revista-revista-alergia-mexico-336-articulo-guia-mexicana-practica-clinica-inmunoterapia-X0002515111209882
Calderón MA, Linneberg A, Kleine-Tebbe J, de Blay F, Hernández-Fernández-de Rojas D, Virchow JC, et al. Respiratory allergy caused by house dust mites: What do we really know? J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2015;136(1):38-48. DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2014.10.012
Stentzel S, Teufelberger A, Nordengrün M, Kolata J, Schmidt F, van Crombruggen K, et al. Staphylococcal serine protease-like proteins are pacemakers of allergic airway reactions to Staphylococcus aureus. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2017;139(2):492-500.e8. DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2016.03.045
Thammavongsa V, Kim HK, Missiakas D, Schneewind O. Staphylococcal manipulation of host immune responses. Nat Rev Microbiol. 2015;13(9):529-543. DOI: 10.1038/nrmicro3521
Fuentes Y, Castro R, Rodríguez R, Martínez I, Labrada A. Eficiencia de dos pruebas diagnósticas en la determinación de alergia por ácaros en niños. Vaccimonitor. 2008;17(2):1-6. Disponible en: http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1025-028X2008000200001
Huvenne W, Callebaut I, Plantinga M, Vanoirbeek JA, Krysko O, Bullens D, et al. Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxin B facilitates allergic sensitization in experimental asthma. Clin Exp Allergy. 2010;40(7):1079-1090. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2222.2010.03464.x
Suzaki H, Watanabe S, Pawankar R. Rhinosinusitis and asthma-microbiome and new perspectives. Curr Opin Allergy. 2013;13(1):45-49. DOI: 10.1097/ACI.0b013e32835b34f6
Gómez MI, Lee A, Reddy B, Muir A, Soong G, Pitt A, et al. Staphylococcus aureus protein A induces airway epithelial inflammatory responses by activating TNFR1. Nat Med. 2004;10(8):842-848. DOI: 10.1038/nm1079
Nagasaki T, Matsumoto H, Oguma T, Ito I, Inoue H, Iwata T, et al. Sensitization to Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxins in smokers with asthma. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2017;119(5):408-414. DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2017.08.001
Muñoz S, Herrera ML, Montero A, Umaña C. Pacientes con componente alérgico y su relación con la presencia de agentes micóticos. Rev Med Hosp Nac Niños (Costa Rica). 1995;30(1-2):31-34. Disponible en: https://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1017-85461995000100005
Baldacci S, Maio S, Cerrai S, Sarno G, Baïz N, Simoni M, et al. Allergy and asthma: effects of the exposure to particulate matter and biological allergens. Respir Med. 2015;109(9):1089-1140. DOI: 10.1016/j.rmed.2015.05.017
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Copyright (c) 2020 Revista Alergia México