Abstract
Objective: To determine the prevalence of allergic rhinitis and its associated factors in students from several Mexican states.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in order to identify the factors that are associated with the prevalence of allergic rhinitis. The "Allergic Rhinitis Diagnostic Questionnaire for Epidemiological Studies" was used, together with another questionnaire, to identify risk factors in allergic rhinitis.
Results: 11381 students of 12-24 years of age were included; the prevalence of allergic rhinitis was of 18 % (CI 95 % = 11.4-24.6), with predominance in females (60%). The factors associated with allergic rhinitis were: heredity, (OR = 2-4, p < 0.0001), respiratory infections, (OR = 2-4.6, p < 0.0001); areas with humidity at home (OR= 1.5 - 1.9, p < 0.0001), and being female (OR = 1.7 - 2.4, p < 0.002). The use of tobacco, the educational level and vehicular traffic, as well as carpeting and the use of scented disinfectants, showed no association.
Conclusions: The factors associated with allergic rhinitis in students were; heredity, respiratory infections, humidity in house walls, and being female.
References
BIBLIOGRAFIA
- Scadding GK. Optimal management of allergic rhinitis. Arch Dis Child. 2015; 100:576–582.
- Broz˙ ek JL, Bousquet J, Agache I, et al. Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma (ARIA) guidelines – 2016 revision. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2017;140:950–958.
- Pawankar R, Mori S, Ozu C, Kimura S. Overview on the pathomechanisms of allergic rhinitis. Asia Pac Allergy. 2011 Oct;1(3):157-67.
-Bousquet J, Khaltaev N, Cruz AA, Denburg J, Fokkens WJ, et al. Allergy. Allergic rhinitis and its impact on asthma (ARIA) 2008;63(Suppl 86):8–160
- Min YG. The pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment of allergic rhinitis. Allergy Asthma Immunol Res. 2010 Apr;2(2):65-76.
- Dykewicz MS, Hamilos DL. Rhinitis and sinusitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2010;125:S103–15.
-Bousquet J, Schunemann HJ, Samolinski B, Demoly P, BaenaCagnani CE, Bachert C, et al. Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma (ARIA): achievements in 10 years and future needs. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2012;130(5):1049–62
Bousquet J, Fokkens W, Burney P, Durham SR, Bachert C, Akdis CA, et al. Important research questions in allergy and related diseases: nonallergic rhinitis: a GA2LEN paper. Allergy. 2008;63(7):842–53.
Scarupa MD, Kaliner MA. Nonallergic rhinitis, with a focus on vasomotor rhinitis: clinical importance, differential diagnosis, and effective treatment recommendations. World Allergy Organ J. 2009;2(3):20–5
- Vandenplas O, Vinnikov D, Blanc PD, Agache I, Bachert C, Bewick M, Cardell LO, Cullinan P, Demoly P, Descatha A, Fonseca J, Haahtela T, Hellings PW, Jamart J, Jantunen J, Kalayci Ö, Price D, Samolinski B, Sastre J, Tian L, Valero AL, Zhang X, Bousquet J. Impact of Rhinitis on Work Productivity: A Systematic Review. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2018 Jul - Aug;6(4):1274-1286.
- Yáñez A, Rodrigo GJ. Intranasal corticosteroids versus topical H1 receptor antagonists for the treatment of allergic rhinitis: a systematic review with meta-analysis. Ann. Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2002 Nov;89(5):479-84.
- Mancilla-Hernández E., Medina –Avalos MA, Osorio-escamilla RE. Validation de un cuestionario diagnóstico de rinitis alérgica para estudios epidemiológicos. Rev Alerg Mex 2014; 68(10):1278-88.
- Mancilla-Hernández E. Medina-Ávalos MA, Barnica-Alvarado RH, Soto-Candia D, et al. Prevalencia de rinitis alérgica en poblaciones de varios estados de México. Rev Alerg Mex. 2015(3);196-201
- Mancilla-Hernández E, González-Solórzano E, Medina-Ávalos A, Barnica-Alvarado R. Prevalencia de rinitis alérgica y de sus síntomas en la población escolar de Cuernavaca, Morelos, México. Rev Alerg Mex. 2017;64(3):243-249
- Van Ninwegen, Penders J, Stobberingh E. et al. Mode and place of livery, gastrointestinal microbiota and their influence in asthma and atopy. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2011. 128:946-55.
- Biasucci G, Benaneti B, Morelli L, et al. Cesarean delivery may affect the early biodiversity of intestinal bacteria. J Nutr 2008; 138:1796s-800S.
- Krzych-Falta, Furmaczyk K, Lisiecka M, et al. The effect of selected risk factors including the mode of delivery on the development of allergic rhinitis and bronchial asthma. Adv Dermatol Allergol 2018. XXXV(3):267-273.
-Yang Y, Wang Y, Liang Lv, et al. The prevalence and associated lifestile risk factors of self-reported allergic rhinitis in Kazakh population of Fukang city. Medicine 2017;96:39.
- L1 CW, De Chen H, Zhong JT, et al. Epidemiological characterization and risk factors of allergic rhinitis in the general population in Guangzhou city in China. PloS One 2014; 9:1-16.
- Zlyab AH. Prevalence and risk factors asthma, rhinitis and eczema and their multimorbidity among young adults in Kuwait: across sectional study. Biomed Res Int 2017; 2017:21841-93.
- Ellwood P, Asher MI, Björkstén B, Burr M, Pearce N, Robertson CF, et al. Diet and asthma, allergic rhinoconjunctivitis and atopic eczema symptom prevalence: An ecological analysis of the international study of asthma and allergies in childhood (ISAAC) data. ISAAC phase one study group. Eur Respir J. 2001;17:436–4.
- Leung R, Ho P, Lam CW, Lai CK. Sensitization to inhaled allergens as a risk factor for asthma and allergic diseases in Chinese population. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1997;99:594–9.
-González-Diaz SN, Del Río-Navarro BE, Pietropaolo-Cienfuegos DR, et al. Factors associated with allergic rhinitis and adolescents from northern México: International Study of Asthma a Allergies in Childhood Phase IIIB. Allergy Asthma Proc 2010;4:53-62.
- Meltzer EO, Blaiss MS, Naclerio RM, Stoloff SW, Derebery MJ, Nelson HS, et al. Burden of allergic rhinitis: allergies in America, Latin America, and Asia-Pacific adult surveys. Allergy Asthma Proc 2012;33 Suppl 1:S113-41.
- Nyenhius S, Mathur SK. Rhinitis in older adults. Curr Allergy@Asthma Rep. 2013;13:171–177. doi: 10.1007/s11882-013-0342-3.
- Fröhlich M,2 , Pinart M, Keller T et al. Is there a sex-shift in prevalence of allergic rhinitis and comorbid asthma from childhood to adulthood? A meta-analysis. Clin Transl Allergy (2017) 7:44
- Bunyavanich S, Phil M, Soto-Quiros M, L, Laskey D et al. Risk Factors for Allergic Rhinitis in Costa Rican Children with AsthmaAllergy. 2010; 65(2): 256–263.
-Tanaka K, MiyakeY and Kiyohara Ch. Environmental Factors and Allergic Disorders .Allergology International 2007;56:363-396.
-Mommers M, Swaen GM, Weishoff-Houben M et al. Childhood infections and risk of wheezing and allergic sensitisation at age 7-8 years. Eur. J. Epidemiol. 2004;19: 945-951.
,- Custovic A, Murray C, Simpson A. Allergy and infection: understanding their relationship. Allergy. 2005; 60 Suppl 79:10-3.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Copyright (c) 2021 Revista Alergia México