Keywords
Medio ambiente
Enfermedades alérgicas
Exposoma
Barrera epitelial
Contaminantes del aire
Abstract
La interacción entre el potencial genético y el medio ambiente, especialmente el aumento de la urbanización y la gestión inadecuada de residuos contribuye con la manifestación de enfermedades alérgicas. Los pacientes pediátricos son los más vulnerables, debido a la inmadurez de los sistemas respiratorio e inmunológico. La exposición prenatal y posnatal a contaminantes del aire, tanto en exteriores como interiores, acelera o agrava la morbilidad y mortalidad por enfermedades alérgicas. El "exposoma", que abarca todas las exposiciones ambientales a lo largo de la vida, influye en la salud. Las agresiones biológicas y químicas alteran la barrera epitelial, desencadenando respuestas inflamatorias y favoreciendo enfermedades alérgicas, como alergias alimentarias. El uso descontrolado de combustibles tóxicos, material particulado, detergentes y otros factores contribuyen con el deterioro continuo de la barrera epitelial intestinal, aumentando el riesgo de enfermedades alérgicas. Es importante tomar medidas urgentes para abordar estos problemas y proteger la salud del planeta.
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