Vol. 71 No. 2 (2024)

−ABOUT THE COVER−

Asthma and allergic diseases have increased in recent decades and are more common in industrialized cities, such as Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico. The global prevalence, morbidity, and mortality related to childhood asthma have risen significantly over the past 40 years. Although asthma is recognized as the most common chronic disease in children, issues of underdiagnosis and undertreatment persist. Multiple barriers exist to reducing the global burden of asthma, including limited access to care and medications, and a lack of prioritization in public health care. Moreover, the diversity of healthcare systems worldwide and significant differences in access to care require that asthma treatment guidelines be adapted to local needs.

Childhood asthma is a leading cause of absenteeism, depriving children of academic achievement and social interaction, particularly in populations without access to primary healthcare services. Air pollution poses a significant threat to the health of vulnerable populations, such as children and the elderly. Children are at higher risk because they inhale a greater volume of air per body weight than adults. The rapid and uncontrolled urbanization and industrialization seen in Monterrey and other cities worldwide have increased air pollution and, consequently, direct exposure among the population. Major sources of outdoor pollutants include vehicle fuel combustion, construction and agricultural operations, power plants, and industries.

To further complicate this issue, global warming is now recognized to amplify the effects of outdoor air pollution on health. A significant increase in the prevalence, morbidity, and mortality associated with childhood asthma has been demonstrated in recent years. Society must commit to research, intervention, and monitoring to reduce the global burden of asthma, develop innovative and cost-effective strategies for disease prevention, and implement a more integrated treatment approach. These efforts will help prevent premature and avoidable deaths and improve the quality of life for asthmatic children and their families. It is also essential to continue monitoring the prevalence and severity of asthma worldwide and implement new actions to reduce the global burden of asthma.

Brief description of the cover: Drs. Arturo Gutiérrez Guerrero, Sara Elva Espinosa Padilla, and Saúl Oswaldo Lugo Reyes.

Special acknowledgment for obtaining the image: Dr. Carlos Macouzet Sánchez, and for cover editing: DG. Diana Gabriela Salazar Rodríguez.